Posts Tagged ‘Gold’

Gold - further price increases are possible

Monday, April 7th, 2008

Based on an intermediate low at 253.85 dollars per ounce in February of the year 2001, the gold price established an upward trend, and now nearly 135 percent to 596.2 last dollar. Even in euros is the price in the past weeks to the top and has now erupted into a gain of slightly more than 80 percent. Both trends have continued upward.

New Rekordhochs while gold prices are possible …

Even from analytical perspective seems to be some evidence. This indicates, among other things, the 38th Edition of the Gold Survey of independent research company GFMS in London. “Gold prices of more than 600 US dollars are now not only in sight, but further price gains in the coming one or two years are possible. Under the appropriate circumstances, it seems to be even conceivable that the high in 1980 at 850 US dollars out, “Philip Klapwijk seized as GFMS chairman the key results of the analysis.

Background of the recent price gains of the precious metal were primarily purchases of international investors. They should his assessment in the current year for a further price boost. Investors often sought after for reasons such investments, Klapwijk. And did with the Hurricane Katrina and induced him by the rally in the energy complex because even find. At the same time had not only the well-known concerns about global imbalances and the American double deficit played a role, but also the perception of investors that the central bank the precious metal again positive than in the past considered. In Japan, the interest also of a strong yen weakness has been driven.

In view of the current year was the core motivation for the purchase of precious metals in the likelihood of an economic slowdown in the United States and the possible decline of the dollar. Other factors can be in the form of inflation but also geopolitical concerns with regard to the Middle-East and Middle East. But that is not all. Because “you play with fire if you ignore the liquidity argument,” said Klapwijk to look forward. If new “players”, such as pension funds on the basis of past performance in the commodity markets should be considered, then the gold price could really take off. If only a small part of the huge assets to be transformed into gold, the gold market is relatively small, then, the price would significantly upward.

… But rather because of speculation because of industrial demand

Such a development would have a lot to do with speculation. For example, look at the demand from the jewellery production, as they did last year increased by 100 tons. But in the first half, where the growing acceptance of prices above 400 dollars in connection with a strong economic growth in Asia for a certain momentum had ensured. On the other hand, the demand in the fourth quarter was weak because the price has significantly tightened and the increased volatility.

A similar trend was also in the market for gold to scrap observed. Here is the offer in the first half, while in the second it increased significantly. For this reason Klapwijk look with a degree of scepticism on the demand from the jewellery industry in the current year. “After what we saw in the first few months have heard, it could be in the year 2006 to 500 tonnes fall. That would be the use of this site some 400 tonnes below mine production. And this is not a sustainable long-term development, “said Klapwijk.

This brings the production. Did they in 2005 by about two percent to a little more than 2,500 tons increased, as they will in the current year due to the market entry of new mines by about four percent. At the same time, the study also dampens expectations, Asian US dollars short term creditors could purchase larger quantities of gold. This was not observed.
Overall, noted that the gold price because of the trends and possible diversification considerations of institutional investors still clearly upwards can go. However, the past also that it is just as fast again significant setbacks may occur. The fundamental demand from the jewelry industry by high prices being. The purchase of gold is therefore quite speculative. And because the metal is not yet coupons dividend return based long-term average returns on the volatile price changes. That is, who is not of an absolute crisis scenario out, should be in profit to think.

Source:http://www.faz.net/s/Rub58BA8E456DE64F1890E34F4803239F4D/Doc~EFCD3DDF946DD45C283A82D6E055B2D6F~ATpl~Ecommon~Sspezial.html

Gold - Gold makes a comeback

Monday, April 7th, 2008

Pénalisé since the early 1980’s by the fall in inflation, gold regains its role as a safe-haven asset. Parts are again searched. Gold has paid a heavy price for fighting inflation. Listed at a higher historic $ 850 an ounce in January 1980, on the eve of the war between Iran and Iraq, the price of the yellow metal has been deteriorating for twenty years then not without having undergone some tensions. This bearish long period is not included in the quietest in the world, since it meant crossing the collapse of the Soviet bloc, a stock market crash, the first Gulf War and the bursting of the Internet bubble. The decision of the central bank to fight inflation is the cause of the lack of gold.

The trend was reversed in 2001, largely due to higher prices of other raw materials including oil. In 1999, black gold had fallen to 10 dollars per barrel, whereas it is now between 85 and 100 dollars. It is therefore not surprising to see or exceed the $ 900 early this year. However, adjusted for price drift in the United States, the precious metal has not regained its purchasing power. Indeed, the current historic gold at $ 850 an ounce in 1980 corresponds to a price of around $ 2200 today.

Nobody does at the moment to see gold reach such a level, but some professionals rely on a course of 1000 dollars this year. The most optimistic talk of $ 1500 in the medium term. In addition, the return of inflationary pressures, not only in emerging markets but also in developed markets, advocates for the rebuilding of a post gold and precious metals throughout heritage.
Désintérêt investors
Among investment opportunities in gold, possession of parts remains marginal in the heritage of the French. Wrongly, because the purchase of gold coins can become a placement fun while participating in the diversification of risks. The official listing of the parts was abolished in 2004, but since then CPR Gold, a subsidiary of Credit Agricole, took the market liquidity for the banks and intermediaries french. It is therefore possible to go to his bank branch to give an order to buy or sell on the asset. Purchase orders can be processed during the day or reference to current limit, as for the shares. However, the sale, only the parts stored in sealed transparent film can be sold during the day. Indeed, this protection attests to the quality of the piece, which otherwise should be examined by CPR But before the transaction.

The market price of gold resulting from the confrontation between supply and demand, just like any market, but also in reference to the ingot. In addition, the documents are initially intended to serve as a medium of exchange for goods and services, they have not been beaten in pure gold, but contain an alloy to enhance hardness. Thus, our humphead wrasse (20 francs), whose gross vehicle weight is 6.4516 grams, comprises only 5.8 grams of fine gold. The $ 20 coin of the United States, which has a gross weight of 33437 grams, 30.09 grams requires of fine gold. This weight is taken into account to calculate the premium or discount parts.

The disinterest of investors for gold coins because of an unfavorable tax, the declining price of gold on the end of the last century, the risk of theft and damage have long created a selling pressure. Until recent months, the documents showed even a discount to their weight in gold. This discount is roughly the cost required for the melting of parts to recover gold.
The runway collection pieces
The return of sustained demand for physical gold is gradually an end to this situation. However, the fluctuations are not negligible, hence the need to move purchase orders and sales to current limit. Thus, the humphead wrasse showed a premium of 0.51% on Jan. 15, while on January 30 it externalising a discount of 0.83%. The half-humphead wrasse (10 francs), which is the subject of transactions more comprehensive, contains a higher premium (10.59% to 30 January), but markedly lower than in mid-January (14.04% ).

Some parts are subjected to particularly large fluctuations. Thus, the 50-piece Mexican pesos, which contains 37.5 grams of pure gold, keeps up with a premium (2.29% at January 30), whereas in the middle of the month décotait 2.84%. In contrast, the premium on the 20 United States dollars amounts to a more reasonable level (6.21% vs. 16.79%) previously. Under these circumstances, should never rush to buy or sell coins.

Why not go further and look at the coin? The website UBS Gold & Numismatik offers a wide variety of coins and medals that it is possible to buy online, ranging from ancient to contemporary times. In addition, the bank organizes each year in Basel, Zurich and Geneva in sales that attract collectors worldwide. An assignment was held in Basel from 22 to 24 January. Properties cover a very broad range. While a medal at the effigy of Czar Nicolas I was auctioned 155250 Swiss francs, a 20-franc coin from 1814 to the likeness of Louis XVIII estimated at 500 Swiss francs was sold at 525 francs. The price gap with the humphead wrasse of the same weight is justified by the historical interest, the relative scarcity and perfect condition of this piece.

Source: http://www.lefigaro.fr/placement/2008/03/13/05006-20080313ARTFIG00633-l-or-fait-un-retour-en-force.php

Gold - On the subject of gold

Monday, April 7th, 2008

And when he left the first news I said that I thought that any gold sales was being done to try to prevent the corralito Spanish. After this first article in Telegraph have left other comments and statements of Kiener, but nobody has provided new information. That is what we know for now. Of course, the words of Solbes I give zero.

But the problem is that I think that for the forums is confusing to people. Arguments are being very rare.

The first thing to bear in mind is that the Bank of Spain is not only selling gold, but all you have. Bonds, currencies, etc.. This invalidates the argument that “gold was at maximum values and want profitable.” Clearly, there is a massive liquidation for a specific reason. What we do not want is to clarify that reason. The popular deputy asked Solbes did just about the gold, which is the most striking, “Moscow gold”, and so on. But that was a mistake because Solbes quickly threw the ball away with a chorradilla.

Then he thinks that that can be done to balance the current account deficit. In what sense? I say this because in these technical issues, I note more insecure because I am not conversant. Does Balancing the balance of payments by selling gold to make this record as “exports”? Do liquidate reserves to mask a figure? After I had that figure unchecked for years and they so quiet? The truth is that we do not understand.

Then it came to the “12 days of imports.” Is that imports of Spanish private companies are paid by the Bank of Spain? I believe that the twelve days is used as a measurement to show the little size of the reserves with respect to the size of our economy.

Another issue is the “gold no longer needed because we are in the euro.” First, gold is needed because the same ECB has no reserves, remain the central banks of member countries of the euro. And second, that does not explain why malvende gold at full speed below its market value, or where that money goes. If Solbes said that it was buying bonds, we must ask exactly what and why bonds also sold bonds Americans (US Treasuries) and English (British gilts).

And another thing: why Kiener said that we are bankrupt? Why has basa? Well, I think that he is a specialist in the gold market, basa is simply that these sales as hasty, below market value, by a central bank has seen only in situations of extreme liquidity and very close into bankruptcy. That alone I think basa, in his experience of 25 years in this market.

So, nobody knows what is really happening, of course. I have a hypothesis, now you count. But make it clear that is only a hypothesis:

If poceros be around 25% of GDP at banks (especially those boxes), and those debts were paid with the sales floor, so if the floors are not sold debts not being paid. Promoters middle always working on credit. If you have the money to do uncle hundred houses, borrow ten times more to his friend in the housing and construction thousand. That is how we have been winning pasta in a frantic race.

So this promoter has a thousand homes built, a thousand euros per month for each mortgage, a milloncito a month has to pay the cash. If he has three or four million euros and loose, because it’s going to pay and in the meantime will subrogando mortgages to those who buy pardillos there in the booth. But of course, if pardillos fail, spend one, two, three months, the milloncito euros, plus the wages of bricklayers (300’s in the gang, to 2,000 euritos each, 600,000 per month), plus machinery, diesel, and so on.

As time passes and pardillos fail. The pasta is just and savings will run out of charge. But the money provided by the savings was not theirs was interbank loans or deposits of the people. And that these deposits and interbank credit have some interest to be paid each month (about interests ranging climbing). So goes paying until he was also run out of money. From there, informed the Bank of Spain and requests him to see if there are more pasta. The Bank of Spain has an obligation to be the last of the other lender banks. He responds in a crisis. Then, once that money loose from the Bank of Spain also just, the only solution is going to sell gold, currencies and bonds to be pulling pasándolos euros and the savings banks.

Because at the time that some of these savings will enter into “default” because it can be given by the bubble pinchada altogether. People go to the cashier and the money is not. From there, it would be very difficult to cover this scandal. The Government does not want to hear or talk about it, at least until the end of March 2008.

Of course, the ECB is aware of that and advises the rest of central banks to be provisionándose also because very soon interbank credit that may not be repaid.

So this is a hypothesis of mine and of course you can put it to the level of a novel by Lecarré. But I wonder about one thing: if only with some promotions unsold we have reached this situation, what will happen when they start the recession, layoffs that are falling and crashes in prices? If the promoters should the 25% of GDP, the “families” should be over 85% of GDP. Revisions massive mortgages, unemployment, decreases in salaries and especially the knowledge that her flat and is worth nothing and are “throwing money into a mortgage.” What we believe is going to happen?

And all this would have to add a so-called “panic banking,” if it is the voice of that savings banks are like the Forum Filatélico, that the money is Pocero bricks can not be sold. From there, the last ladybug. This was what triggered the Argentine corralito.

Therefore, we should not be catastrofista. If you are sitting on a box of dynamite and someone lights the fuse, first of all we must keep calm, to await the end of the fuse, see what happens and then decide whether or not lifted.

Source: http://www.albertonoguera.com/2007/06/sobre-el-tema-del-oro.html

Gold - Two good thoughts on the gold

Monday, April 7th, 2008

He first on the typical criticism that the amount of gold is inadequate for the traffic of the modern economy:

There is enough gold to return to the gold standard, always qu confidence in the promise was re. There is no hard and fast rule about how much credit solvent can be financed on the basis of gold, especially in this era of communications instantánteas and free.

In fact, gold is only the apex of the pyramid credit. His role is not to be present at each exchange, but to settle balances net debtor. By compensatory mechanisms, can be funded by an enormous amount of transactions with very little gold.

Indeed, the current problem is that the dollar has been used as an apex of this pyramid of credit, but the trust money (unable to retain its value in linking its existence to the market demand) does not pre-emptively to purge the bad debt , so that its creation will spread to exorbitant limits. As Fekete said, the dollar inconvertible we have reached a situation in which:

Debt alive today may not be settled through the normal procedure, that is, and withdrawing amortizándola shortcuts without resorting to inflationary or deflationary (ie, by default or depreciation). It is absurd to think that the pyramid of debt can grow indefinitely without result in a catastrophe. Any debt will be liquidated in the same way as subprime mortgages: by default - or, in his case, envileciendo currency.

Second interesting idea. Once this happens, the value of all assets denominated in dollars is going to fade. There is only one way to avoid buying gold to diversify our portfolio at a price that is still very cheap:

Not too late to use the gold with the purpose of covering the value of our asset portfolio. The private and institutional investors have investments worth 180 billion dollars. However, there are only 600 billion dollars in the form of gold bullion that can be used for cover. In other words, only 0.33% of all investments are protected by gold, while more than 99% is not (…) International If investors decide to use a third of their assets in gold to buy cubrire, the result would be that 6 billion dollars would be chasing 0.6 billion current gold prices (one-tenth). This means that there would be ten suppliers for each ounce of gold available. Buying gold is still cheap, but the cost could increase more than tenfold when the stampede begins.

So the plan Ron Paul to return to the gold standard should be applied without delay. To stabilize the dollar in relation to gold at the current low prices, is a priority, since it ensures that, at least, the reserve value of 180 billion does not break. That is to say, not break ensures that the value of all assets, but only some (or many) of them. The first repudiation to be avoided is that of the currency and before that the Fed and the US Congress (issuers monopoly of the dollar) or not going to do anything.

Source: http://www.liberalismo.org/bitacoras/1/4881/

Gold - The greatness of the gold standard

Monday, April 7th, 2008

At first there were only assets that retain value better than others because it decreases more slowly if we increase both the quantity and the time horizon of use. This minor decline in the value call “liquidity”, and is the essential characteristic of the money, that is, their ability to move higher.
 
Historically has been used as currency assets like cattle (which could be moved in large quantities over long distances), salt (which could be kept for long periods) or metals such as copper, iron, silver and finally gold.
 
The reasons that gold turned in a generally well accepted as a means of exchange were several: ease of transportation, storage and conservation; its huge severability; homogeneity; it difficult for forgery; their quality of precious metal internationally recognized, and above However, the low ratio of annual production and stock holdings (it would take about 50 years to produce the entire quantity of gold that are currently available).
 
Each national currency expressed in terms of gold and currency fluctuations between them moved within narrow limits, because if the price fell a lot over another left turn to account the first gold coin in the second. This support common currency also set up portentous restrictions on the possibility of incurring permanent budget deficits and influence the balance of current account, nor could extend credit in excess expansions cause of the economic cycle.

This was particularly relevant to reduce the incidence and the number of armed conflicts, and that states could not borrow indefinitely, and its gold reserves were limited. For example, in the war between Japan and Russia over control of Manchuria (1905), Japanese imperialism could not move forward at the precarious financial situation of his government, so he had to sit down and negotiate with the czar.
 
Above all, the gold standard reinforced the power saver when it comes to protect themselves from excessive credit expansion. If banks declining interest rates in excess or endeudaban alocadamente, savers could withdraw their deposits of gold, as they were aware that their hoarding would not lead to a decline in its liquidity. The value of gold not diminished with the passage of time, so the mass hoarding of gold in front of a bank deposit low pay was a credible threat to the credit institutions.
 
The existence of this joint endorsement, the absence of imbalances and control of bank indebtedness crazy allowed capital flowed from one place to another without fear of devaluation or seizure. The phenomenon of hot money was completely unknown to those currencies which remained the gold standard, which included the pound, the dollar, framework and frank. Precisely countries were subjected to the discipline of the gold which developed important financial centers, which provide liquidity to the international trading system. On all of them stressed the City of London.
 
The City had developed panels appraisers internationally renowned allowing banks to dispose of virtually any commodity. For example, if a Brazilian wanted to sell coffee to a French drafted a bill of exchange that was not spared the French, but an English bank, which shifted ownership of the coffee. The Brazilian could deduct the bill of exchange in the financial market and buy Brazilian currency in exchange for pounds gained. For its part, once the French agreed to pay the bank English and he checked his credit, the bank gave the French coffee in exchange for a credit of 90 days against him.
 
Thus the financial centers organized around gold provided the necessary liquidity to the entire international economic system, which allowed a resilient and adaptable division of labor, subject to the sovereignty of consumers and savers. Globalization and increased trade flows were the natural byproduct of this cooperative and peaceful context.

Source: http://revista.libertaddigital.com/articulo.php/1276232586

Gold - The spot gold touched a record high of over 1,000 US dollars

Monday, April 7th, 2008

 

LONDON (Reuters) - The gold spot marked on Friday, a record high above $ 1,000 an ounce, due to the U.S. currency touched minimum levels after the weak data and major problems in the financial market in the United States raise the attractiveness metal as a safe haven.

The shares of the firm Bear Stearns fell by 50 percent, due to news of liquidity problems prompted the investment bank to secure financing for JPMorgan Chase and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

“All this fear of a crisis far from over loans seems to have escalated on a daily basis,” said analyst Daniel Hynes at Merrill Lynch.

“This has been a key driver of gold in the last couple of months. With this announcement only adds momentum,” he added.

The gilded metal, seen as an asset safe haven during political and financial problems, has come to raise up to $ 1.007,10 ounce. The spot gold closed at 996.90 / 997.70 dollars at 18:15 GMT, compared with 991/991, 80 dollars in New York close of the previous day.

Gold has gained nearly 20 percent in 2008 and 32 percent in 2007.

Future transados gold in the United States touched a maximum of 1,009 US dollars an ounce. The contract more active metal for delivery in April closed with a rise of 5.70 dollars, to 999.50 dollars metals COMEX division of the New York Mercantile Exchange.

The escalation of the metal gained momentum with the decline of the dollar to a record low against the euro, after news of the signing Bear Stearns, which raised fears that the United States economy has entered a recession.

Source: http://es.reuters.com/article/businessNews/idESLAR47617120080314

Gold - There is reason to believe in gold at $ 3,000

Monday, April 7th, 2008

Gold has been one of the most profitable in the past four years, rising from levels of $ 300 to a maximum of 26 years at $ 730 last month.

In recent weeks has suffered a major violent correction from the highest to the area of 620, but that is no less proportional to the last mile climb. And now it seems resume its uptrend.

At that juncture, the upside in the gold come to light publicly again and resume their predictions of a gold at $ 1,000. But that is nothing new in this market. What is new is that gold can reach $ 3,000 in the long term. Some people said and what is someone important: Harry Schultz, a true veteran of the markets that publishes its newsletter since 1960.

In early May, Schultz warned of a possible major correction due to the overbought registering metal. But maintaining an overview bullish based on the economic environment. In his view, the public was asleep, and when they woke up, “the price of gold would go up in a way never seen before.”

After the fall, believes that gold has fallen to a very important area of support (620), which offers a clear opportunity to purchase: “I recommend increasing the percentage of gold holdings to 25% -30%. But I am not sure that the correction has finished, it is better to defer purchases until the channel is broken bearish upward. ”

But where Schultz was completely leaves the average is at its long-term vision, the more bullish impossible. Their reasoning is as follows: “My vision is that current governments (which are in the hands of the banks) will not return voluntarily to the gold standard, with its discipline on money creation. But when the price of firing, say, $ 1,600, will probably be obliged to do so in order to appease an outcry for money healthy, ie Breton Woods II. The price could reach 2,000 while discussing the new rules. Washington may see this as their last chance to save the dollar as a reserve currency. If they do not, the euro, the yen or the yuan could snatch that status … If there are new rules on levels of $ 1,600, gold could continue to rise until they become. Hello, 3,000. ”

However, he warns that, in its way, the market will sink between three and seven times, and it will not be pleasant. In his view, if gold falls 30%, the stock market will go down 70%, and many people can not stand it.

Source: http://www.eleconomista.es/analisis-tecnico/noticias/25289/06/06/Hay-motivos-para-pensar-en-el-oro-a-3000-dolares.html

Gold (use coins)

Monday, April 7th, 2008

Worth 1232 million dolls. Delivered. The high point was winning the gold in the fiscal years 1877/78 with 51206400 Doll. Reached, it then declined gradually in 1883 amounted to only 30000000 Doll. Even in Mexico declined the gold production, which in the 1871-75 annual average of 2020 kg for a value of 5.6 million Mk amount had, in 1882 to 1408 kg for a value of 3.9 million Mk Colombia currently supplies about 370 — 4000 kg, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, together 2500 kg, Brazil 1100 kg. The Argentine Republic G. delivers little in Venezuela highlights the return of the gold mines (9.5 million Mk), and also in Nova Scotia was something G. won. In Australia Victoria since 1851 was much the ergiebigste District, the production from 1856 to 1860 reached its peak, dropped because of the impoverishment of the deposits and stood out again in the latest time as a result of extensive application of the discovery made Diamantbohrers rich old soaps. 1884 amounted to 778.618 earnings of the gold ounce. Even in New South Wales followed a period of decline, a new upswing, but the yield was 1884 only 107199 ounces worth 395291 Pfd. Sterl. While 1861 to 1865 annually yet 1711400 Pfd. Sterl. Amount. In Queensland reached the 1877 production with 1619563 Pfd. Sterl. Its peak, then later dropped, but 1884 was again 1077314 Pfd. Sterl. 1866-70 New Zealand exported annually 2383500 Pfd. Sterl. Since 1879 adheres to the production quite the same level and amounted 1884-85: 231582 ounce. Moreover, South Australia 1883 delivered approximately 21906, Tasmania 1884 approximately 42339 ounce. It would be the total value of Australian gold mining for the year 1884 to about 110500000 Mk calculated. Russia’s gold mines extend from the Urals through eastern Siberia to the Amur country, the focus of the ever-growing manufacturing moves increasingly to the East. It won 1876: 33632 kg in the value of 93830000 and Mk 1882: 65376 kg in the value of 182400000 Mk In Germany a year has been on average 407 kg G. won, but it came about a third from foreign (west coast of America, Australia) ores from Gekrätz and Affinierungswerkstätten. Austria-Hungary wins G. Transylvania and the Hungarian Carpathians, in 1882, 16.5 in Austria, Hungary 1724.3 kg won. Africa produced at the upper reaches of the Senegal and the Dscholiba, Nilgebiet and in the district of Sofala in the last time around 2000 kg per year. China produces G. and not exported small quantities to India, for a reliable estimate of production but lacking evidence. Japan to be around 702 kg 1879 G. delivered. In the period 1876-84, the average annual gold production in:

Germany 407 Kilogr. That 1.14 million Mk
Austria-Hungary 1714 Kilogr. That 4.78 million Mk
Russia 41899 Kilogr., 116.90 million Mk
Africa 2444 Kilogr. That 6.82 million Mk
Mexico 1542 Kilogr. That 4.30 million Mk
Colombia 3834 Kilogr., 10.70 million Mk
Peru, Bolivia, Chile 2223 Kilogr. That 6.20 million Mk
USA 56744 Kilogr., 158.32 million Mk
Australia 46122 Kilogr., 124.87 million Mk
Japan 594 Kilogr. That 1.66 million Mk
Andre 6044 Kilogr countries., 16.85 million Mk

Total: 163567 Kilogr., 452.54 million Mk

Further statistical information on the acquisition of G. since the discovery of the New World, see precious metals.

6) Use and the future of gold.

The oldest use of gold jewelry begins with the human body (see goldsmiths art, p. 497), which is lined with the decoration of residential sites and the production of precious vessels, and it was only much later, the G. as a substance for the minting of coins money as characters. The G. served in antiquity as a symbol of the highest dignity, and the omnipotence of wealth. The grace chair of Moses is zentnerschwerem G. manufactured, the Temple of Solomon G. bursting of the Babylonian tower on the banks of the Euphrates is full of golden statues, etc. When the Persian kings audience grant, they will sit on a golden throne, a golden scepter in the hand; to their ceremonial dress is a golden Geschmeide whose value 12000 Greek historian with talent (46 million Mk) indicate (?). The use of gold as a replacement tool is made of this general appreciation of gold and deduce begins with the Zuwägen of G. bars and rods (by aes et libram), and then to real coins. The first gold coins likely influenced by the Egyptians have been, and recent research relocate their age on the 17th Century pre-Christian era. The real Münzgeschichte starts but only to the Greeks, from whom we have gold coins, which, in Cyzicus Mysia originating in the 7th Century BC marked. Throughout the spätern economic history shows that as a characteristic that you first silver and then gold coins.

The use of gold for the manufacture of coins is now by far the most important and has doubled in the last six years due to changing monetary conditions rapidly increased. Until 1871 were in Europe only Britain and Ireland, Bremen and Portugal States currency with gold, since the German Reich (Münzgesetz of 4 Dec 1871) abandoned the silver currency and for the purpose of the introduction of the gold currency within six years incidental 1500 Mill Mk G. for his Münzung the gold stocks of culture removed States, the states of the Scandinavian Münzbundes, Denmark, Sweden and Norway, have (since December 1872) also the gold currency, the Netherlands is actually in a state of monetary gold, and the countries of Latin Münzkonvention (from December 23 1865), France, Belgium, Italy and Switzerland, had since 1874 the expression of silver coins very restrictive, 1878 even result of new convention altogether, so that there too, although by law the dual currency, the demand for G. Münzzwecke for significantly increased. Jenseit the Atlantic Ocean, some countries (Brazil, Argentine Republic, Canada) legal gold standard, the United States of North America, through the silver Blandsche Bill and the Law of 28 Feb. 1878 for the dual-currency (in fact bez. to silver currency) over, but they had until mid-1878 to maintain its public Barschatz a loan of 140 million dolls. Mostly in G. accumulated. The highly developed countries culture, in which transport of large quantities of circulation and cover resources needed are now customers of G. for Münzprägungen become, we calculate that about 200 million people (excluding the residents of the United States) legally or factually Gold is the money in transport use.

Source: http://www.retrobibliothek.de/retrobib/seite.html?id=106967

Gold

Monday, April 7th, 2008

This is a very naturally with gold, the noblest metal of the earth. First, as a “means of exchange”, it was already in ancient Rome, on the first coins of this precious metal to shape and then still to beat. Of course, the choice fell on gold is not in vain. Already at that time was gold, as a means of payment in all parts of the population and also had two other key features: First, gold is a relatively soft metal, so it is with technology then succeeded, that coins to be processed. Furthermore, given the noble metal also clear that this is not oxidized, first and second course, very skin. The latter may then have not been decisive, crucial for the Münzmetall gold were the other arguments.

Today, the role of gold decisively changed: The gold coins are in circulation now completely disappeared, but they have great importance to - specially produced for collectors - commemorative coins and investment and Bullionmünzen won. Again, the reason for the rapid conversion quickly found: The precious metal “gold” is at the present time worth so much that the necessary Nominal for gold coins would no longer umlaufstauglich.

Source: http://www.silber.de/muenzen_muenzmetalle.html

Gold - The use of gold

Saturday, April 5th, 2008

Gold is used in the form of gold coins and gold bullion as an international means of payment and is used by many central banks in the world to be stored, although today the currencies no longer covered by gold reserves. A natural apply beyond gold in the jewellery industry, which it rings, necklaces, bracelets and other jewellery. The precious metal content is determined by the Repunze certified.

Because of its corrosion resistance and aesthetic qualities will be in dentistry as a filling material or replacement for damaged or missing teeth. Also, the electronics industry uses gold because of the reliability of the properties, corrosion resistance and good processability: To be very subtle connection wires between chips and their housing legs from hochraffiniertem Feingold made, with, for example, a gram of the precious metal wire easily to a more than three kilometres long and undress leaves. However, today often aluminum threads in chips.

Gold foil, gold leaf, is used since antiquity. Made of high alloys, it is thinner than the wavelength of visible light, rolled and beaten. In the golden light shines it, the opposite seems greenish light - blue light source, and also the beating pattern of the metal, which is why it is usually on a specific document will be applied. Use it to nonmetallic objects, such as picture frames, books (gold cut), furniture, figurines, architectural elements, stucco, icons, etc., the look of real gold. With 1 gram of gold is a half square metres of space overdrawn.

Gold reflects infrared, red and yellow wavelengths of light much better than the energetic blue, blauvioletten and ultraviolet light rays, therefore wärmereflektierende coatings, glass, optics and mirrors so bedampft.

In the food area it serves in the form of gold leaf and gold leaf flakes as a food color to E 175 gold of food, for example, coatings of sweets and chocolates to decorate, and in beverages, such as gold water. Metallic gold is considered to be non-toxic, builds up in the body is not, and is usually with the rest of digested food back Ret.

Gold compounds can be due to the toxicity of the combination partner some very toxic effect. The colorless Goldcyanide and zitronengelbe Tetrachlorogoldsäure include.

Some gold salts are curative therapy for rheumatism. Not without mention should remain the gold Natriumaurothiomalat salt, which, although in the past a little out of fashion, as a basis therapy against chronic polyarthritis (rheumatoid arthritis) is applied.

In recent times, however oust cheaper drugs treatment with gold. However, gold medical side effects. It can cause allergic reactions, and it can be applied to an improper damage to the liver, blood and kidneys. About 50% of therapy with gold salts are due to the adverse effects canceled. The full effect of a gold therapy is only after several months.

Decorative gold finds wide application, for example, in galvanic coating of metals and plastics. On Porzellanglasuren, dentures ceramics and glass can burn gold pigments. Historically, the Feuervergoldung of metals with the help of gold - Mercury - alloys, so-called amalgam, demonstrably already in antiquity, the only viable way to long-term gilts on silver, bronze or Unedelmetallen. This method eliminates today due to the strong effect of toxic mercury vapors. The Feuervergoldung is now due to legislative provisions for environmental and health protection for the restoration. With the development of galvanic Vergoldungsbäder in the late 19 And 20th Century Century, this area in the expanded and qualitative ways.

Gold has been historically pigments in the glass manufacturing since 16 Century used (gold ruby glass), are now largely replaced by cheaper procedures. The other wins gold today in the form of small particles act as a catalyst in importance.

Source:  http://www.goldsammler.eu/gold-information/gold_verwendung.html